Air Law Part 2

SVFR = Special VFR flight (in class A, or in any control zone in IMC or at night, in respect of which the appropriate ATC unit has given permission to fly in VFR so long as it remains clear or cloud and insight of surface)

• Visibility for SVFR for PPL is 10 km

• SVFR can be flown with an IMC rating (visibility not less than 3 km)

• Visibility not specified for SVFR for IR (in MCAR) but in ICAO 4444, IR limits SVFR to visibility not less than 1500 m.

Lights

5 candle-hours (green and red) (nav lights)

3 candle-hours (white) (nav lights)

• Nav Lights

• Anti-collision lights (flashing red or white) (intensity = 10 candle-hours)

• Taxi lights

• Strobe lights

• Landing lights

20 mins after sunset, and 20 mins before sunrise is night time. Both times not inclusive. Turn on nav lights before taxi out.

Notification of Arrival and Departure

Instead of landing at destination, you divert to the alternate, then as soon as you land you must notify the original destination, never later than 30 minutes after your ETA at destination. If not, they will commence an 'overdue action'.

If a revised ETA > 2 minutes then ground control must be informed of it. = TIME CHANGES

If the TAS of an aircraft changes more than 5% = SPEED CHANGES = must inform ground control

If Mach number changes or 0.01 or more, must report to ground control = SPEED CHANGES

Speed Limitation

Generally an aircraft shall not fly below 10000' at speed greater than 250 kts (class C and G, IFR and VFR)

No speed limit in Class A and B airspace

Pilots need not follow Marshaling signals if he thinks that complying with them are unsafe.

NOTAMs

Series A - KL FIR

Series D - KK FIR

AIRAC system

Amendments to charts, route-manual etc, will be issued on predetermined dates as an AIRAC AIP SUP. Information is issued not later than 28 days, for major changes not later than 56 days before effective date.

Controlled Airspace

Class A, B, C

CTR Control Zone = from ground level to a specified altitude/ Flight Level

CTA Control Area = extends upwards from a specified altitude/ Flight Level to an upper limit (FL)

Aerodrome Traffic Zone;

• Vertically from aerodrome elevation to 2000' above MSL.

• Laterally with a 2 NM radius with runway midpoint as center (if runway < 1850 m)

• Laterally with 1.5 NM radius with runway midpoint as center (if runway > 1850 m)

• 11000' common Transition Altitude

• 13000' common Transition Level

Flight Plan

• All IFR traffic must file a flight plan.

• If you are flying in controlled airspace, ATC can ask you to file a flight plan

• When crossing between KK and KL FIR, must file flight plan

• Crossing international borders, must file flight plan

TIME (EASA)

• IFR; flight planning 1 hour before departure validity (30 mins after EBOT) = Estimated Blocks Off time (EBOT)

• VFR; 30 mins before departure = validity 1 after EBOT

TIME (Malaysia)

• IFR; 3 hours before departure time for = for traffic transiting outside of Malaysia, or between KK and KL FIR = validity 15 mins after EBOT

• VFR; 1 hour before departure - validity 1 hour after EBOT

AIRPROX

Air proximity report. When your aircraft is exposed to possible collision dangers. Report to ATC.

Meteorological documentation for international or domestic flights can be supplied provided that at least 3 hours in advance (if not, then only verbal is provided)

AIREPs for flights greater than 2 hours duration, the pilots can file an AIREP